Salyut 7 (Russian: Салют-7; English: Salute 7) (aka DOS-6[1]) was a space station in low Earth orbit from April 1982 to February 1991.[1] It was first manned in May 1982 with two crew via Soyuz T-5, and last visited in June 1986, by Soyuz T-15.[1] Various crew and modules were used over its lifetime, including a total of 12 manned and 15 unmanned launches.[1] Supporting spacecraft included the Soyuz T, Progress, and TKS spacecraft.[1]
It was part of the Soviet Salyut programme, and launched on 19 April 1982 on a Proton rocket from Site 200/40 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in what was then the Soviet Union. Salyut 7 was part of the transition from "monolithic" to "modular" space stations, acting as a testbed for docking of additional modules and expanded station operations. It was the tenth space station of any kind launched. Salyut 7 was the last Space Station of the Salyut Program, which was replaced by Mir.
It was part of the Soviet Salyut programme, and launched on 19 April 1982 on a Proton rocket from Site 200/40 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in what was then the Soviet Union. Salyut 7 was part of the transition from "monolithic" to "modular" space stations, acting as a testbed for docking of additional modules and expanded station operations. It was the tenth space station of any kind launched. Salyut 7 was the last Space Station of the Salyut Program, which was replaced by Mir.
Expeditions
| Expedition | Crew | Launch date | Flight up | Landing date | Flight down | Duration (days) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salyut 7 – EO-1 | Anatoli Berezovoy, Valentin Lebedev[1] |
13 May 1982 09:58:05 UTC |
Soyuz T-5 | 10 December 1982 19:02:36 UTC |
Soyuz T-7 | 211.38 |
| Salyut 7 – EP-1 | Vladimir Dzhanibekov, Aleksandr Ivanchenkov, Jean-Loup Chrétien – France |
24 June 1982 16:29:48 UTC |
Soyuz T-6 | 2 July 1982 14:20:40 UTC |
Soyuz T-6 | 7.91 |
| Salyut 7 – EP-2 | Leonid Popov, Aleksandr Serebrov, Svetlana Savitskaya |
19 August 1982 17:11:52 UTC |
Soyuz T-7 | 27 August 1982 15:04:16 UTC |
Soyuz T-5 | 7.91 |
| Salyut 7 – EO-2 | Vladimir Lyakhov, Aleksandr Pavlovich Aleksandrov |
27 June 1983 09:12:00 UTC |
Soyuz T-9 | 23 November 1983 19:58:00 UTC |
Soyuz T-9 | 149.45 |
| Salyut 7 – EO-3 | Leonid Kizim, Vladimir Solovyov, Oleg Atkov |
8 February 1984 12:07:26 UTC |
Soyuz T-10 | 2 October 1984 10:57:00 UTC |
Soyuz T-11 | 236.95 |
| Salyut 7 – EP-3 | Yuri Malyshev, Gennady Strekalov, Rakesh Sharma – India |
3 April 1984 13:08:00 UTC |
Soyuz T-11 | 11 April 1984 10:48:48 UTC |
Soyuz T-10 | 7.90 |
| Salyut 7 – EP-4 | Vladimir Dzhanibekov, Svetlana Savitskaya, Igor Volk |
17 July 1984 17:40:54 UTC |
Soyuz T-12 | 29 July 1984 12:55:30 UTC |
Soyuz T-12 | 11.80 |
| Salyut 7 – EO-4-1a | Viktor Savinykh | 6 June 1985 06:39:52 UTC |
Soyuz T-13 | 21 November 1985 10:31:00 UTC |
Soyuz T-14 | 168.16 |
| Salyut 7 – EO-4-1b | Vladimir Dzhanibekov | 6 June 1985 06:39:52 UTC |
Soyuz T-13 | 26 September 1985 09:51:58 UTC |
Soyuz T-13 | 112.13 |
| Salyut 7 – EP-5 | Georgi Grechko | 17 September 1985 12:38:52 UTC |
Soyuz T-14 | 26 September 1985 09:51:58 UTC |
Soyuz T-13 | 8.88 |
| Salyut 7 – EO-4-2 | Vladimir Vasyutin, Alexander Volkov |
17 September 1985 12:38:52 UTC |
Soyuz T-14 | 21 November 1985 10:31:00 UTC |
Soyuz T-14 | 64.91 |
| Salyut 7 – EO-5 | Leonid Kizim, Vladimir Solovyov |
13 March 1986 12:33:09 UTC |
Soyuz T-15 | 16 July 1986 12:34:05 UTC |
Soyuz T-15 | 125.00 50 on S7 |
Spacewalks
| Spacecraft | Spacewalker | Start – UTC | End – UTC | Duration | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salyut 7 – PE-1 – EVA 1 | Lebedev, Berezevoi[1] | 30 July 1982 02:39 |
30 July 1982 05:12 |
2 h, 33 min | Retrieve experiments |
| Salyut 7 – PE-2 – EVA 1 | Lyakhov, Alexandrov | 1 November 1983 04:47 |
1 November 1983 07:36 |
2 h, 50 min | Add solar array |
| Salyut 7 – PE-2 – EVA 2 | Lyakhov, Alexandrov | 3 November 1983 03:47 |
3 November 1983 06:62 |
2 h, 55 min | Add solar array |
| Salyut 7 – PE-3 – EVA 1 | Kizim, Solovyov | 23 April 1984 04:31 |
23 April 1984 08:46 |
4 h, 20 min | ODU repair |
| Salyut 7 – PE-3 – EVA 2 | Kizim, Solovyov | 26 April 1984 02:40 |
26 April 1984 07:40 |
4 h, 56 min | Repair ODU |
| Salyut 7 – PE-3 – EVA 3 | Kizim, Solovyov | 29 April 1984 01:35 |
29 April 1984 04:20 |
2 h, 45 min | Repair ODU |
| Salyut 7 – PE-3 – EVA 4 | Kizim, Solovyov | 3 May 1984 23:15 |
4 May 1984 02:00 |
2 h, 45 min | Repair ODU |
| Salyut 7 – PE-3 – EVA 5 | Kizim, Solovyov | 18 May 1984 17:52 |
18 May 1984 20:57 |
3 h, 05 min | Add solar array |
| Salyut 7 – VE-4 – EVA 1 | Savitskaya, Dzhanibekov | 25 July 1984 14:55 |
25 July 1984 18:29 |
3 h, 35 min | First woman EVA |
| Salyut 7 – PE-3 – EVA 6 | Kizim, Solovyov | 8 August 1984 08:46 |
8 August 1984 13:46 |
5 h, 00 min | Complete ODU repair |
| Salyut 7 – PE-4 – EVA 1 | Dzhanibekov, Savinykh | 2 August 1985 07:15 |
2 August 1985 12:15 |
5 h, 00 min | Augment solar arrays |
| Salyut 7 – PE-6 – EVA 1 | Kizim, Solovyov | 28 May 1986 05:43 |
28 May 1986 09:33 |
3 h, 50 min | Test truss, retrieve samples |
| Salyut 7 – PE-6 – EVA 2 | Kizim, Solovyov | 31 May 1986 04:57 |
31 May 1986 09:57 |
5 h, 00 min | Test truss |
cargo delivery
| Progress 13[9] | 114[10] | 23 May 1982 05:57 |
Soyuz-U | Site 1/5 | Salyut 7 | 25 May 07:56:36 |
4 June 06:31:00 |
6 June 00:05:00 |
First Progress flight to Salyut 7. |
| Progress 14[9] | 117[10] | 10 July 1982 19:58 |
Soyuz-U | Site 1/5 | Salyut 7 | 12 July 11:41:00 |
10 August 22:11:00 |
13 August 01:29:00 |
|
| Progress 15[9] | 112[10] | 18 September 1982 04:59 |
Soyuz-U | Site 1/5 | Salyut 7 | 20 September 06:12:00 |
14 October 13:46:00 |
16 October 17:08:00 |
|
| Progress 16[9] | 115[10] | 31 October 1982 11:20 |
Soyuz-U | Site 1/5 | Salyut 7 | 2 November 13:22:00 |
13 December 15:32:00 |
14 December 17:17:00 |
|
| Progress 17[9] | 119[10] | 17 August 1983 12:08 |
Soyuz-U | Site 1/5 | Salyut 7 | 19 August 13:47:00 |
17 September 11:44:00 |
17 September 23:43:00 |
|
| Progress 18[9] | 118[10] | 20 October 1983 09:59 |
Soyuz-U | Site 31/6 | Salyut 7 | 22 October 11:34:00 |
13 November 03:08:00 |
16 November 04:18:00 |
|
| Progress 19[9] | 120[10] | 21 February 1984 06:46:05 |
Soyuz-U | Site 31/6 | Salyut 7 | 23 February 08:21:00 |
31 March 09:40:00 |
1 April 18:18:00 |
|
| Progress 20[9] | 116[10] | 15 April 1984 08:12:53 |
Soyuz-U2 | Site 31/6 | Salyut 7 | 17 April 09:22:00 |
6 May 17:46:00 |
7 May 00:32:51 |
|
| Progress 21[9] | 121[10] | 7 May 1984 22:47:15 |
Soyuz-U | Site 31/6 | Salyut 7 | 10 May 00:10:00 |
26 May 09:41:00 |
26 May 15:00:30 |
|
| Progress 22[9] | 124[10] | 28 May 1984 14:12:52 |
Soyuz-U | Site 31/6 | Salyut 7 | 30 May 15:47:00 |
15 July 13:36:00 |
15 July 18:52:00 |
|
| Progress 23[9] | 123[10] | 14 August 1984 06:28:15 |
Soyuz-U | Site 1/5 | Salyut 7 | 16 August 08:11:00 |
26 August 16:13:00 |
28 August 01:28:00 |
|
| Progress 24[9] | 125[10] | 21 Jun[10] e 1985 00:39:41 |
Soyuz-U | Site 1/5 | Salyut 7 | 23 June 02:54:00 |
15 July 12:28:00 |
15 July 22:33:31 |
|
| Kosmos 1669[9] | 126[10] | 19 July 1985 13:05:08 |
Soyuz-U | Site 1/5 | Salyut 7 | 21 July 15:05:00 |
28 August 21:50:00 |
30 August 01:20:00 |
Only Progress flight to have been given a Kosmos designation. Last Progress flight to Salyut 7. |
Specifications
Specifications of the baseline 1982 Salyut 7 module, from Mir Hardware Heritage (1995, NASA RP1357):[1]- Length – about 16 m
- Maximum diameter – 4.15 meters
- Habitable volume – 90 m³
- Weight at launch – 19,824 kg
- Launch vehicle – Proton rocket (three-stage)
- Orbital inclination – 51.6°
- Span across solar arrays – 17 m
- Area of solar arrays – 51 m²
- Number of solar arrays – 3
- Electricity available – 4.5 kW
- Resupply carriers – Soyuz-T, Progress, TKS spacecraft
- Docking System – Igla or manual approach
- Number of docking ports – 2
- Total manned missions – 12
- Total unmanned missions – 15
- Total long-duration missions – 6
- Number of main engines – 2
- Main engine thrust (each) – 300 kg
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