Historical Log
| Launch Date | Name | Country | Result | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1960 | Korabl 4 | USSR (flyby) | Failure | Didn't reach Earth orbit |
| 1960 | Korabl 5 | USSR (flyby) | Failure | Didn't reach Earth orbit |
| 1962 | Korabl 11 | USSR (flyby) | Failure | Earth orbit only; spacecraft broke apart |
| 1962 | Mars 1 | USSR (flyby) | Failure | Radio Failed |
| 1962 | Korabl 13 | USSR (flyby) | Failure | Earth orbit only; spacecraft broke apart |
| 1964 | Mariner 3 | US (flyby) | Failure | Shroud failed to jettison |
| 1964 | Mariner 4 | US (flyby) | Success | Returned 21 images |
| 1964 | Zond 2 | USSR (flyby) | Failure | Radio failed |
| 1969 | Mars 1969A | USSR | Failure | Launch vehicle failure |
| 1969 | Mars 1969B | USSR | Failure | Launch vehicle failure |
| 1969 | Mariner 6 | US (flyby) | Success | Returned 75 images |
| 1969 | Mariner 7 | US (flyby) | Success | Returned 126 images |
| 1971 | Mariner 8 | US | Failure | Launch failure |
| 1971 | Kosmos 419 | USSR | Failure | Achieved Earth orbit only |
| 1971 | Mars 2 Orbiter/Lander | USSR | Failure | Orbiter arrived, but no useful data and Lander destroyed |
| 1971 | Mars 3 Orbiter/Lander | USSR | Success | Orbiter obtained approximately 8 months of data and lander landed safely, but only 20 seconds of data |
| 1971 | Mariner 9 | US | Success | Returned 7,329 images |
| 1973 | Mars 4 | USSR | Failure | Flew past Mars |
| 1973 | Mars 5 | USSR | Success | Returned 60 images; only lasted 9 days |
| 1973 | Mars 6 Orbiter/Lander | USSR | Success/Failure | Occultation experiment produced data and Lander failure on descent |
| 1973 | Mars 7 Lander | USSR | Failure | Missed planet; now in solar orbit. |
| 1975 | Viking 1 Orbiter/Lander | US | Success | Located landing site for Lander and first successful landing on Mars |
| 1975 | Viking 2 Orbiter/Lander | US | Success | Returned 16,000 images and extensive atmospheric data and soil experiments |
| 1988 | Phobos 1 Orbiter | USSR | Failure | Lost en route to Mars |
| 1988 | Phobos 2 Orbiter/Lander | USSR | Failure | Lost near Phobos |
| 1992 | Mars Observer | US | Failure | Lost prior to Mars arrival |
| 1996 | Mars Global Surveyor | US | Success | More images than all Mars Missions |
| 1996 | Mars 96 | Russia | Failure | Launch vehicle failure |
| 1996 | Mars Pathfinder | US | Success | Technology experiment lasting 5 times longer than warranty |
| 1998 | Nozomi | Japan | Failure | No orbit insertion; fuel problems |
| 1998 | Mars Climate Orbiter | US | Failure | Lost on arrival |
| 1999 | Mars Polar Lander | US | Failure | Lost on arrival |
| 1999 | Deep Space 2 Probes (2) | US | Failure | Lost on arrival (carried on Mars Polar Lander) |
| 2001 | Mars Odyssey | US | Success | High resolution images of Mars |
| 2003 | Mars Express Orbiter/Beagle 2 Lander | ESA | Success/Failure | Orbiter imaging Mars in detail and lander lost on arrival |
| 2003 | Mars Exploration Rover - Spirit | US | Success | Operating lifetime of more than 15 times original warranty |
| 2003 | Mars Exploration Rover - Opportunity | US | Success | Operating lifetime of more than 15 times original warranty |
| 2005 | Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter | US | Success | Returned more than 26 terabits of data (more than all other Mars missions combined) |
| 2007 | Phoenix Mars Lander | US | Success | Returned more than 25 gigabits of data |
| 2011 | Mars Science Laboratory | US | Success | Exploring Mars' habitability |
| 2011 | Phobos-Grunt/Yinghuo-1 | Russia/China | Failure | Stranded in Earth orbit |
| 2013 | Mangalyaan | India | En route | On way to Mars |
| 2013 | Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution | US | En route | On way to Mars |
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