#
|
Launch date
|
Country
|
Spacecraft
|
Launcher
|
Mission goal
|
Comments
| |
| 1 |
1
|
1960 Oct. 10
|
USSR
|
1M No. 1
|
8K78/L1-4
|
Mars flyby
| Third stage failure at T+300 seconds |
| 2 |
2
|
1960 Oct. 14
|
USSR
|
1M No. 2
|
8K78/L1-5
|
Mars flyby
| Third stage failure at T+290 seconds |
| 3 |
3
|
1962 Oct. 24
|
USSR
|
2MV-4 No. 3
|
8K78/T103-15
|
Mars flyby
| Fourth stage failure in the low orbit |
| 4 |
4
|
1962 Nov. 1
|
USSR
|
2MV-4 No. 4 (Mars-1)
|
8K78/T-103-16
|
Mars flyby
| Failed on its way to Mars |
| 5 |
5
|
1962 Nov. 4
|
USSR
|
2MV-3 No. 1
|
8K78/T-103-17
|
Mars landing
| Stranded in the low Earth orbit |
| 6 |
1
|
1964 Nov. 5
|
USA
|
Mariner-3
|
Atlas Agena D
|
Mars flyby
| Failure of the payload fairing to separate |
| 7 |
6
|
1963 Nov. 11
|
USSR
|
3MV-1A No. 2 (Cosmos-21)
|
8K78/G103-18
|
Mars flyby, Return to Earth of a capsule
| Failed to leave low Earth orbit |
| 8 |
2
|
1964 Nov. 28
|
USA
|
Mariner-4
|
Atlas Agena D
|
Mars flyby
| World's first flyby of Mars and transmission of imagery |
| 9 |
7
|
1964 Nov. 30
|
USSR
|
3MV-4A No. 2 (Zond-2)
|
8K78
|
Mars impact
| Failed on its way to Mars |
| 10 |
8
|
1965 July 18
|
USSR
|
3MV-4 No. 3 (Zond-3)
|
8K78
|
Mars orbit vicinity
| Photographed the Moon |
| 11 |
3
|
1969 Feb. 25
|
USA
|
Mariner-6
|
Atlas Centaur
|
Mars flyby
| Transmitted 75 photos of Mars |
| 12 |
9
|
1969 March 27
|
USSR
|
Mars orbiter
| Exploded at T+438 seconds | ||
| 13 |
4
|
1969 March 27
|
USA
|
Mariner-7
|
Atlas Centaur
|
Mars flyby
| Transmitted 126 photos of Mars |
| 14 |
10
|
1969 April 2
|
USSR
|
UR-500
|
Mars orbit
| Failed at T+0.02s.; destroyed | |
| 15 |
5
|
1971 May 8
|
USA
|
Mariner-8 (Mariner H)
|
Atlas Centaur
|
Mars
| Launch failure |
| 16 |
11
|
1971 May 10
|
USSR
|
M-71 No. 170 (Cosmos-419)
|
UR-500
|
Mars orbit
| Failed to leave Earth orbit |
| 17 |
12
|
1971 May 19
|
USSR
|
M-71 No. 171 (Mars-2)
|
UR-500
|
Mars orbit
| Orbited Mars |
| 18 |
13
|
1971 May 28
|
USSR
|
M-71 No. 172 (Mars-3)
|
UR-500
|
Mars orbit, landing
| Orbited Mars; Lander failed upon landing |
| 19 |
6
|
1971 May 30
|
USA
|
Mariner-9 (Mariner I)
|
Atlas Centaur
|
Mars orbit
| Orbited Mars; transmitted numerous images |
| 20 |
14
|
1973 July 21
|
USSR
|
M-73 No. 52 (Mars-4)
|
UR-500
|
Mars orbit
| Failed to orbit Mars |
| 21 |
15
|
1973 July 25
|
USSR
|
M-73 No. 53 (Mars-5)
|
UR-500
|
Mars orbit
| Entered Mars orbit |
| 22 |
16
|
1973 Aug. 5
|
USSR
|
M-73 No. 50 (Mars-6)
|
UR-500
|
Mars flyby, landing
| Flew by Mars, landed capsule |
| 23 |
17
|
1973 Aug. 9
|
USSR
|
M-73 No. 51 (Mars-7)
|
UR-500
|
Mars flyby, landing
| Flew by Mars, capsule missed |
| 24 |
24
|
1975 Aug. 20
|
USA
|
Viking-1
|
Titan-3 Centaur
|
Mars orbit, landing
| Landed on Mars |
| 25 |
25
|
1975 Sept. 9
|
USA
|
Viking-2
|
Titan-3 Centaur
|
Mars orbit, landing
| Landed on Mars |
| 26 |
18
|
1988 July 7
|
USSR
|
UR-500
|
Mars orbit
| Failed on its way to Mars | |
| 27 |
19
|
1988 July 12
|
USSR
|
UR-500
|
Mars orbit
| Failed on Mars orbit | |
| 28 |
28
|
1992 Sept. 25
|
USA
|
Mars Observer
|
Titan-3 TOS
|
Mars orbit
| Failed shortly before entering orbit of Mars |
| 29 |
29
|
1996 Nov. 7
|
USA
|
Mars Global Surveyor
|
Delta-2
|
Mars orbit
| Functioned until Nov. 2, 2006 |
| 30 |
20
|
1996 Nov. 16
|
Russia
|
UR-500
|
Mars orbit, landing, penetrators
| Failed to leave Earth orbit | |
| 31 |
7
|
1996 Dec. 4
|
USA
|
Mars Pathfinder
|
Delta-2
|
Lander and rover landing
| Landed on Mars, released small rover |
| 32 |
1
|
1998 July 4
|
Japan
|
Nozomi
|
M-V
|
Mars orbit
| Failed in cruise in 2003 |
| 33 |
8
|
1998 Dec. 11
|
USA
|
Mars Climate Orbiter
|
Delta-2
|
Mars orbit
| Failed during orbit insertion |
| 34 |
9
|
1999 Jan. 3
|
USA
|
Mars Polar Lander, Two Deep Space probes
|
Delta-2
|
Mars landing
| Failed on landing |
| 35 |
10
|
2001 April 7
|
USA
|
Mars Odyssey
|
Delta-2
|
Mars orbit
| Success |
| 36 |
1
|
2003 June 2
|
Europe
|
Mars Express, Beagle 2
|
Soyuz-Fregat
|
Mars orbit, landing
| Success in orbit, lander failed |
| 37 |
11
|
2003 June 10
|
USA
|
Mars Exploration Rover A (Spirit)
|
Delta-2
|
Rover landing
| Success |
| 38 |
12
|
2003 July 7
|
USA
|
Mars Exploration Rover B (Opportunity)
|
Delta-2
|
Rover landing
| Success |
| 39 |
2
|
2004 March 2
|
Europe
|
Rosetta
|
Ariane-5
|
Comet
| Mars flyby on Feb. 23, 2007 |
| 40 |
13
|
2005 Aug. 12
|
USA
|
Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter
|
Atlas-5
|
Mars orbit
| Entered orbit in March 2006 |
| 41 |
14
|
2007 Aug. 4
|
USA
|
Phoenix
|
Delta-2
|
Mars landing
| Landed successfully on May 25, 2008 |
| 42 |
15
|
2007 Sept. 27
|
USA
|
Dawn
|
Delta-2
|
Vesta, Ceres orbits
| Flew by Mars in February 2009 |
| 43 |
21
|
Russia
|
Mars, Phobos
| Landing on Phobos and soil sample return | |||
| 44 |
16
|
2011 Nov. 26
|
USA
|
Mars Science Laboratory
|
Atlas-5 (541)
|
Mars landing
| Rover |
| 45 |
1
|
2013 Nov. 5
|
India
|
MOM (Mangalyaan)
|
PSLV
|
Mars orbit
| Orbiting mission |
| 46 |
17
|
2013 Nov. 18
|
USA
|
MAVEN
|
Atlas-5 (401)
|
Mars orbit
| Orbiting mission |
Saturday, 20 September 2014
A complete list of the world's launch attempts in the direction of Mars:
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