MARS Mission (1970–1989)

Mission (1970–1989)	Launch	Arrival at Mars	Termination	Elements	Outcome
Mariner 8	8 May 1971		8 May 1971	Orbiter	Launch failure
Kosmos 419	10 May 1971		12 May 1971	Orbiter	Launch failure
Mariner 9	30 May 1971	13 November 1971	27 October 1972	Orbiter	Success (first successful orbit)
Mars 2	19 May 1971	27 November 1971	22 August 1972	Orbiter	Success
			27 November 1971	Lander, rover[28]	Crashed on surface of Mars
Mars 3	28 May 1971	2 December 1971	22 August 1972	Orbiter	Success
			2 December 1971	Lander, rover[28]	Partial success. First successful landing; landed softly but ceased transmission within 15 seconds
Mars 4	21 July 1973	10 February 1974	10 February 1974	Orbiter	Could not enter orbit, made a close flyby
Mars 5	25 July 1973	2 February 1974	21 February 1974	Orbiter	Partial success. Entered orbit and returned data, but failed within 9 days[97]
Mars 6	5 August 1973	12 March 1974	12 March 1974	Lander	Partial success. Data returned during descent but not after landing on Mars
Mars 7	9 August 1973	9 March 1974	9 March 1974	Lander	Landing probe separated prematurely; entered heliocentric orbit
Viking 1	20 August 1975	20 July 1976	17 August 1980	Orbiter	Success
			13 November 1982	Lander	Success
Viking 2	9 September 1975	3 September 1976	25 July 1978	Orbiter	Success
			11 April 1980	Lander	Success
Phobos 1	7 July 1988		2 September 1988	Orbiter	Contact lost while en route to Mars[98]
				Lander	Not deployed
Phobos 2	12 July 1988	29 January 1989	27 March 1989	Orbiter	Partial success: entered orbit and returned some data. Contact lost just before deployment of landers
				Landers	Not deployed